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Michael Madhusudan Dutt, or Michael Madhusudan Dutta ((ベンガル語:মাইকেল মধুসূদন দত্ত) (); 25 January 1824 – 29 June 1873) was a popular 19th-century Bengali poet and dramatist.〔(Michael Madhusudan Dutta : Profile of an Epic Poet Compiled by Aparna Chatterjee )〕 He was born in Sagordari ((ベンガル語:সাগরদাঁড়ি)), on the bank of Kopotaksho ((ベンガル語:কপোতাক্ষ)) River, a village in Keshabpur Upazila, Jessore District, Bengal Presidency, East Bengal (now in Bangladesh). His father was Rajnarayan Dutt, an eminent lawyer, and his mother was Jahnabi Devi. He was a pioneer of Bengali drama. His famous work ''Meghnad Bodh Kavya'' ((ベンガル語:মেঘনাদবধ কাব্য)), is a tragic epic. It consists of nine cantos and is exceptional in Bengali literature both in terms of style and content. He also wrote poems about the sorrows and afflictions of love as spoken by àwomen. As a young student, Dutt was influenced by the thoughts and actions of the Young Bengal-a movement by a group of illustrious former students of The Hindu College (now Presidency College) in Calcutta (now Kolkata) against the atrocities, blind beliefs and customs they held as illogical, prevalent in the Hindu society of 19th century Bengal. Dutt, a student of Hindu College himself, aspired to be an English poet and longed to travel to England to gain fame. When his father, concerned by these trends, arranged his marriage, he rebelled. One aspect of his rebellion involved conversion to Christianity. Dutt is widely considered to be one of the greatest poets in Bengali literature and the father of the Bengali sonnet. He pioneered what came to be called ''amitrakshar chhanda'' (blank verse). Dutt died in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency on 29 June 1873. Although his first love remained poetry, Michael Madhusudan Dutt, or Madhu- as he was called affectionately,showed prodogious skill as a playwright. He was the first to write Bengali plays in the English style, segregating the play into acts and scenes. He was also the pioneer of the first satirical plays in Bengali – "Buro Salik er Ghare Row"(Bengali-বুড়ো শালিকের ঘাড়ে রো) and "Ekei Ki Bole Sovyota(Bengali-একেই কি বলে সভ্যতা?) (Is this what we call Civilisation?)". When Deenabandhu Mitra wrote a Bengali play portraying the plight of the workers in indigo plantations at the hands of their British masters, Dutt was the person who translated the play into English. Rumour has it that he translated the entire play in a single night. There is no proof that Dutt had translated the play, however,as- on account of fear of prosecution by the British Government of India- neither the writer's nor the translator's name was printed when the play was published in English. After this episode Dutt went back to writing mainly poetry-occasionally writing short pieces of prose. He had also translated the episode of Prince Hector's death from Homer's Illiad into Bengali. Although Dutt was a littérateur par excellence, he was an alcoholic from his youth and his addiction grew as he aged. It was the source and cause of many of his hardships and miseries-both financial and mental. He was supported in his times of financial crisis by his friends and Sri Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar; the latter sent him monthly allowances regularly on the condition that Dutt should concentrate all his efforts in creating great specimens of Bengali poetry. Dutt was, however, never able to master his addiction and it led to his untimely death. Michael Madhusudan Dutt was an important figure of the Bengali Renaissance who helped place Bengali literature on the throne it holds at present. He was hailed as the greatest poet of the Bengali language until the advent of Rabindranath Tagore. Even now, he is one of the great poets of the Bengali language.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Michael Madhusudan Dutta )〕 ==Early life and education== His childhood education started in a village named Shekpura, at an old mosque, where he went to learn Persian. He was an exceptionally talented student. Since his childhood, Dutt was recognised by his teachers and professors as being a precocious child with a gift of literary expression. He was very imaginative. Early exposure to English education and European literature at home and in Kolkata inspired him to emulate the English in taste, manners and intellect. An early influence was his teacher, Capt. D.L.Richardson at Hindu College. Richardson was a poet and inspired in Dutt a love of English poetry, particularly Byron. Dutt's early works – poetry and drama – were mostly in English. They include translations, plays including ''Sermistha'' and ''Ratnavali;'' and poems, including ''Captive Ladie,'' which was written about the mother of his close friend Sri Bhudev Mukhopadhyay, indicate a high level of intellectual sophistication.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=M. Madhusuda Dutt )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Michael Madhusudan Dutt」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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